tecmint@tecmint ~ $ uname -r
3.13.0-37-generic
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsscsi -s
[0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda 1.00TB
[1:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0 –
[4:0:0:0] disk Generic- xD/SD/M.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb –
8. How to Check SATA Device in Linux
inxi -m
Memory: Array-1 capacity: 16 GB devices: 4 EC: None
Device-1: ChannelA-DIMM0 size: No Module Installed
Device-2: ChannelA-DIMM1 size: No Module Installed
Device-3: ChannelB-DIMM0 size: 8 GB speed: 1600 MHz type: DDR3
Device-4: ChannelB-DIMM1 size: No Module Installed
Summary
To print information about PCI devices, run the following command.
sudo apt install inxi [On Debian/Ubuntu]
sudo yum install inxi [On RHEL/CentOS]
sudo dnf install inxi [On Fedora]
Each of these commands serves a specific purpose, and knowing when to use which tool will help you effectively troubleshoot hardware issues, verify system specifications, and ensure compatibility when installing new software or drivers on your Linux system.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on ‘/dev/sda’!
The util fdisk doesn’t support GPT. Use GNU Parted.
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders,
total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xcee8ad92
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1953525167 976762583+ ee GPT
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
10. How to Check Linux Hardware Components Info
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo lshw -short
H/W path Device Class Description
=====================================================
system 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_
BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70)
/0 bus Lancer 5A5
/0/0 memory 128KiB BIOS
/0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U
CPU @ 1.70GHz
/0/4/b memory 32KiB L1 cache
/0/4/c memory 256KiB L2 cache
/0/4/d memory 3MiB L3 cache
/0/a memory 32KiB L1 cache
/0/12 memory 8GiB System Memory
/0/12/0 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/12/1 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/12/2 memory 8GiB SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous
1600 MHz (0.6 ns)
/0/12/3 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/100 bridge Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller
/0/100/2 display Haswell-ULT Integrated
Graphics Controller
/0/100/3 multimedia Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller
…
lshw is a relatively small too,l and there are a few options that you can use with it while extracting information. The information provided by lshw was gathered from different /proc files.
Learn 11 essential Linux commands to check hardware info including CPU, RAM, disk, USB, and PCI devices using lshw, lscpu, dmidecode, inxi and more.
In this article, we shall look at some useful Linux commands that can help you to extract information about your Linux system and hardware components.
lshw command is executed by the superuser (root) or sudo user.$ sudo apt-get install lsscsi [on Debian derivatives]
# yum install lsscsi [On RedHat based systems]
# dnf install lsscsi [On Fedora 21+ Onwards]
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 2
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 69
Stepping: 1
CPU MHz: 768.000
BogoMIPS: 4788.72
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
4. How to Collect Linux Block Device Information
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo hdparm /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1:
multcount = 0 (off)
IO_support = 1 (32-bit)
readonly = 0 (off)
readahead = 256 (on)
geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, start = 2048
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsusb -v
6. How to Check PCI Devices in Linux
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo lshw
tecmint.com
description: Notebook
product: 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70)
vendor: LENOVO
version: Lenovo Z50-70
serial: 1037407803441
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32
configuration: administrator_password=disabled boot=normal
chassis=notebook family=IDEAPAD frontpanel_password=disabled
keyboard_password=disabled power-on_password=disabled
sku=LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70
uuid=E4B1D229-D237-E411-9F6E-28D244EBBD98
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: Lancer 5A5
vendor: LENOVO
physical id: 0
version: 31900059WIN
serial: YB06377069
slot: Type2 – Board Chassis Location
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: LENOVO
physical id: 0
version: 9BCN26WW
date: 07/31/2014
size: 128KiB
capacity: 4032KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd
int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720
int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
……
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t system
# dmidecode 2.12
# SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: LENOVO
Product Name: 20354
Version: Lenovo Z50-70
Serial Number: 1037407803441
UUID: 29D2B1E4-37D2-11E4-9F6E-28D244EBBD98
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70
Family: IDEAPAD
…
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsscsi
[0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda
[1:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0
[4:0:0:0] disk Generic- xD/SD/M.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ uname -a
Linux tecmint.com 3.13.0-37-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Sep 22 21:28:38
UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
2. How to View Linux System Hardware Information
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t processor
# dmidecode 2.12
# SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
Processor Information
Socket Designation: U3E1
Type: Central Processor
Family: Core i5
Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
ID: 51 06 04 00 FF FB EB BF
Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 69, Stepping 1
Flags:
…
11. How to Check All Hardware Info with inxi
It is always a good practice to know the hardware components of your Linux system running, as this helps you to deal with compatibility issues when it comes to installing packages and drivers on your system using yum, dnf, or apt.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ uname
Linux
inxi -C
CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB
clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1694 MHz 2: 1699 MHz
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lspci -t
-[0000:00]-+-00.0
+-02.0
+-03.0
+-14.0
+-16.0
+-1b.0
+-1c.0-[01]—-00.0
+-1c.3-[02]—-00.0
+-1c.4-[03]—-00.0
+-1d.0
+-1f.0
+-1f.2
-1f.3
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lspci -v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b)
Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3978
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Capabilities:
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0b) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Lenovo Device 380d
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 62
Memory at c3000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at 6000 [size=64]
Expansion ROM at [disabled]
Capabilities:
Kernel driver in use: i915
…..
7. How to Check SCSI Devices in Linux
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo lshw -html > lshw.html
3. How to View Linux CPU Information
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1:
geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, start = 2048
9. How to Check Linux File System Information
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1000M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda3 8:3 0 1000M 0 part
├─sda4 8:4 0 128M 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 557.1G 0 part
├─sda6 8:6 0 25G 0 part
├─sda7 8:7 0 14.7G 0 part
├─sda8 8:8 0 1M 0 part
├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 part /
└─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 part [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
The commands covered in this guide provide different levels of detail about your system:
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsblk -a
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1000M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda3 8:3 0 1000M 0 part
├─sda4 8:4 0 128M 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 557.1G 0 part
├─sda6 8:6 0 25G 0 part
├─sda7 8:7 0 14.7G 0 part
├─sda8 8:8 0 1M 0 part
├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 part /
└─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 1 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
ram0 1:0 0 64M 0 disk
ram1 1:1 0 64M 0 disk
ram2 1:2 0 64M 0 disk
ram3 1:3 0 64M 0 disk
ram4 1:4 0 64M 0 disk
ram5 1:5 0 64M 0 disk
ram6 1:6 0 64M 0 disk
ram7 1:7 0 64M 0 disk
ram8 1:8 0 64M 0 disk
ram9 1:9 0 64M 0 disk
loop0 7:0 0 0 loop
loop1 7:1 0 0 loop
loop2 7:2 0 0 loop
loop3 7:3 0 0 loop
loop4 7:4 0 0 loop
loop5 7:5 0 0 loop
loop6 7:6 0 0 loop
loop7 7:7 0 0 loop
ram10 1:10 0 64M 0 disk
ram11 1:11 0 64M 0 disk
ram12 1:12 0 64M 0 disk
ram13 1:13 0 64M 0 disk
ram14 1:14 0 64M 0 disk
ram15 1:15 0 64M 0 disk
5. How to Check USB Controller in Linux
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ uname -n
tecmint.com
x86_64
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 2.12
# SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: LENOVO
Version: 9BCN26WW
Release Date: 07/31/2014
Address: 0xE0000
Runtime Size: 128 kB
ROM Size: 4096 kB
Characteristics:
PCI is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
Japanese floppy for NEC 9800 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h)
Japanese floppy for Toshiba 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h)
5.25″/360 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
5.25″/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5″/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5″/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
UEFI is supported
BIOS Revision: 0.26
Firmware Revision: 0.26
…
inxi
CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) speed/max: 2164/2700 MHz
Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 Up: 3:15 Mem: 3122.0/7879.9MB
HDD: 1000.2GB(20.0% used) Procs: 234 Client: Shell inxi: 2.2.35
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ uname -v
#64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Sep 22 21:28:38 UTC 2014
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 2.12
# SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0005, DMI type 5, 24 bytes
Memory Controller Information
Error Detecting Method: None
Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave
Current Interleave: One-way Interleave
Maximum Memory Module Size: 8192 MB
Maximum Total Memory Size: 32768 MB
Supported Speeds:
Other
Supported Memory Types:
Other
Memory Module Voltage: Unknown
Associated Memory Slots: 4
0x0006
0x0007
0x0008
0x0009
Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
…
To print information about your Linux system hardware, run the following command.
First, install inxi on your system:
Although the main functionality of the fdisk command is to modify file system partitions, it can also be used to view information about the different partitions on your file system.
To print information about Linux memory, run this command as a superuser.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0bda:b728 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 5986:0249 Acer, Inc
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
RTS5129 Card Reader Controller
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 045e:00cb Microsoft Corp.
Basic Optical Mouse v2.0
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation
2.0 root hub
inxi -F
System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit)
Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7 Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah
Machine: System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20354 v: Lenovo Z50-70
Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN
Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014
CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB
clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1694 MHz 2: 1699 MHz
Graphics: Card: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller
Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
Resolution: [email protected]
GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile
GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0
Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
driver: r8169
Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
driver: rtl8723be
Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used)
ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB
Hope you find these commands useful! Remember to always stay connected to Tecmint for more Linux tips and tutorials.
You can print partition information as follows. Remember to run the command as a superuser or else you may not see any output.
It’s particularly useful for quickly gathering system information for troubleshooting or support.
uname– Basic system and kernel information.lshw– Comprehensive hardware listing.lscpu– Detailed CPU information.lsblk– Block device information.lsusb– USB controller and device details.lspci– PCI device information.lsscsi– SCSI/SATA device details.hdparm– Hard disk parameters.fdisk– Partition information.dmidecode– DMI/SMBIOS hardware data.inxi– All-in-one system information tool.
To know only the system name, you can use the uname command without any switches, which will print system information, or the uname -s command will print the kernel name of your system.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT
DRAM Controller (rev 0b)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0b)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller
(rev 0b)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP USB xHCI HC
(rev 04)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP HECI #0
(rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP HD Audio Controller
(rev 04)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP PCI Express Root Port 3
(rev e4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP PCI Express Root Port 4
(rev e4)
00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP PCI Express Root Port 5
(rev e4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP USB EHCI #1
(rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP LPC Controller
(rev 04)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP SATA Controller 1
[AHCI mode] (rev 04)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP SMBus Controller (rev 04)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411
PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10)
02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
03:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 840M] (rev a2)
Use the -t option to produce output in a tree format.
